Imaging of Neurologic Decline Following Traumatic Brain Injury-Session Presentation

Video Transcription

Video Summary

The first video discusses the imaging and pathology of neurologic decline following traumatic brain injury (TBI). It emphasizes the importance of understanding the clinical presentation and linking it to neuroimaging findings. The video highlights factors contributing to recovery and potential decline after TBI, including genetic variations, pre-injury conditions, neuroplasticity, neurodegenerative mechanisms, neurocognition, and neural reserve. Comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease and mental health disorders, are also discussed. The speakers highlight the pathology associated with TBI, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ALS, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). They discuss the deposition of amyloid beta and alpha-synuclein proteins in TBI. Research criteria for diagnosing traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) and CTE are presented, and progressive cognitive and neurobehavioral decline are emphasized as key features. The long-term impact of TBI on neurologic function, such as increased risk of dementia and reduced lifespan, is also discussed. The need for further research and targeted therapies for TBI and related neurodegenerative diseases is emphasized.<br /><br />The second video discusses the relationship between repetitive head impacts and brain alterations. The speaker describes various neuroimaging techniques used to study these effects, including conventional MRI, diffusion imaging, functional MRI, MR spectroscopy, and PET imaging. Findings from studies on American football players, soccer players, ice hockey players, and individuals with mild traumatic brain injury are highlighted. These studies show that exposure to repetitive head impacts is associated with brain alterations, including changes in brain volume, white matter hyperintensities, regional brain atrophy, alterations in the corpus callosum, and signs of neuroinflammation. Factors such as duration and extent of exposure, age at first exposure, and sex are discussed as influencing the severity of brain alterations. The need for more comprehensive and longitudinal studies to understand the mechanisms behind these brain alterations and identify individual risk factors is emphasized.<br /><br />No specific credits were mentioned in the given summaries.

Keywords

traumatic brain injury

neuroimaging findings

neurodegenerative mechanisms

comorbidities

chronic traumatic encephalopathy

amyloid beta

traumatic encephalopathy syndrome

repetitive head impacts

brain alterations

individual risk factors

longitudinal studies