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Journal CME December 2024, Effects of exercise on ...
PM R - 2024 - Hsu - Effects of exercise on bone de ...
PM R - 2024 - Hsu - Effects of exercise on bone density and physical performance in postmenopausal women A systematic
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A systematic review and meta-analysis by Hsu et al. investigated the impact of combining exercise with medicine or supplements on bone mineral density (BMD) and physical performance in postmenopausal women. The study reviewed clinical trials to compare outcomes between groups receiving just medicine/supplements and those receiving medicine/supplements plus exercise. The analysis included 19 studies with 1,249 participants.<br /><br />The findings indicated that combined exercise and medicine/supplements did not significantly enhance BMD at key sites like the lumbar spine, femoral neck, trochanter, and total hip compared to medicine/supplements alone. However, a specific subgroup combining aerobic, aerobic impact, and resistance training showed a notable improvement in lumbar spine BMD. <br /><br />For physical performance, exercise notably improved lower extremity muscle strength, balance (as measured by Berg’s Balance Scale), mobility (Timed Up and Go test), and reduced fear of falling. These gains translated to better overall quality of life for those incorporating exercise with their treatment.<br /><br />The evidence quality ranged from low to very low due to factors like study design limitations and high heterogeneity among included studies. Despite these limitations, the systematic review underscored the role of exercise in improving physical performance and quality of life, proposing that exercise should complement pharmacological interventions to address osteoporosis and associated functional declines in postmenopausal women. <br /><br />Thus, while the impact on BMD alone was inconclusive, integrating diverse exercise regimens with conventional treatments holds substantial benefits for enhancing physical function and reducing fall risk, contributing to improved well-being in postmenopausal women.
Keywords
systematic review
meta-analysis
bone mineral density
postmenopausal women
exercise
medicine
supplements
physical performance
quality of life
osteoporosis
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