Journal-based CME is available every month through the study of designated articles within PM&R, the official scientific journal of the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.

Learning Objectives
After completing this enduring material, the participant should be able to:

• Demonstrate an increase in, or affirm, their knowledge of clinical medicine and research.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of the clinical information as it applies to the provision of patient care.
• When appropriate, implement changes in practice relevant to the content of the article.

Accreditation Statement
AAPM&R is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

CME Credit Designation
The American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AAPM&R) designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Faculty and their Disclosures
All faculty, planners and reviewers participating in continuing medical education programs must disclose to the learner any financial interests with any commercial supporter or other relationships with manufacturer(s) or providers of any product or service related to content of their presentation. All content is peer-reviewed to ensure its quality and independence. Individuals in a position to control content and their disclosed financial relationships are listed below.

Principal Faculty:
Editor-in-Chief: Janna Friedly, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Article Authors:
Jacek Cholewicki, PhD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
John M. Popovich Jr, PT, DPT, ATC, PhD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
N. Peter Reeves, PhD: Founder and President of Sumaq Life LLC
Lisa A. DeStefano, DO: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Jacob J. Rowan, DO: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Timothy J. Francisco, DO: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Lawrence L. Prokop, DO: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Mathew A. Zatkin, DO: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Angela S. Lee, MPH: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Alla Sikorskii, PhD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Pramod K. Pathak, PhD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Jongeun Choi, PhD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Clark J. Radcliffe, PhD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Ahmed Ramadan, PhD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Self-Assessment Committee
Ameet Nagpal, MD MS MEd MBA. Chair: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Maria Aurora Dajoyag-Mejia, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Sarah M. Eickmeyer, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Nicholas Freedman, DO: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships. 
Daniel Goodman, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Marika Greiff, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Kimberly Hartman, MD MDPE: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships. 
Donna Huang, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Didem Inanoglu, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships. 
Susan J Kim, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Nicole Lostritto, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Sri Ranjini Muthukrishnan, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships
Nate Olafsen, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Ankit Patel, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Shailesh Reddy, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Anjum Sayyad, MD MBA: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Mark Tornero, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

AAPM&R Medical Education Committee
John C. Cianca, MD: Ownership or partnership with Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Consultants, LLC.
Karen P. Barr, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Rachel A. Brakke Holman, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Joseph E. Burris, MD: Serves on the Speakers Bureau for, and received clinical research grants from Allergan.
David S. Cheng, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Theresa A. Gillis, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Kevin N. Hakimi, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Matthew T. Haas, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
R.Samuel Mayer, MD: Royalties from Demos Medical Publishing.
Ameet S. Nagpal, MD MS MEd: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Sunil Sabharwal, MD: Royalties from Demos Publishing; board member, American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Sarah M. Smith, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Stephanie Tow, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Kevin R. Vincent, MD, PhD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

No other planners, faculty or other individuals in control of content disclosed any relevant financial relationships.

FDA Disclosures
All faculty members for this activity have disclosed they do not intend to discuss or demonstrate any pharmaceutical or medical device for which FDA clearance has not been approved.