Journal-based CME is available every month through the study of designated articles within PM&R, the official scientific journal of the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.

Learning Objectives
After completing this enduring material, the participant should be able to:

• Demonstrate an increase in, or affirm, their knowledge of clinical medicine and research.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of the clinical information as it applies to the provision of patient care.
• When appropriate, implement changes in practice relevant to the content of the article.

Accreditation Statement
AAPM&R is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

CME Credit Designation
The American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AAPM&R) designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Financial Disclosures
AAPM&R requires all individuals who are in a position to control the content of an educational activity to disclose all relevant financial relationships with any commercial interest, which is any entity producing, marketing, re-selling or distributing health care goods or services consumed by, or used on, patients. Disclosures are made in written form prior to the start of the educational activity and any potential conflicts of interest that exist are resolved prior to the start of the activity through AAPM&R’s Conflict of Interest Disclosure and Resolution Policy Process. Individuals in a position to control content and their disclosed financial relationships are listed below.

Principal Faculty
Editor-in-Chief: Janna Friedly, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Article Authors
Jeanne M. Hoffman, PhD: Grants from National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research during the conduct of the study.
Sylvia Lucas, MD, PhD: Grants from National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research during the conduct of the study; consulting or advisory committees for Amgen, Lilly, and Teva outside the submitted work.
Sureyya Dikmen, PhD: Grants from National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research, National Institute on Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the U.S. Department of Defense during the conduct of the study. 
Nancy Temkin, PhD: Grants from National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research, National Institute on Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the U.S. Department of Defense during the conduct of the study.

Self-Assessment Committee
Ameet Nagpal, MD, MS, MEd, Chair: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Fred Bagares, MD : Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Marcie Bockbrader, MD, PhD: Participates in clinical trials for Micro Transponder, Inc.
Carol Y. Crooks, MD : Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Maria Aurora Dajoyag-Mejia, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Daniel Goodman, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Sarah M. Eickmeyer, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Prathap Jacob Joseph, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Robert A. Lavin, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Jill R. Meilahn, DO: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Nate Olafsen, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Marilyn S. Pacheco, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Ankit M. Patel, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Virtaj Singh, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Kate Temme, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Mark Tornero, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

AAPM&R Medical Education Committee
John C. Cianca, MD: Ownership or partnership with Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Consultants, LLC.
Karen P. Barr, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Anna-Christina Bevelaqua, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Rachel A. Brakke Holman, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Joseph E. Burris, MD: Serves on the Speakers Bureau for, and received clinical research grants from Allergan.
David S. Cheng, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Theresa A. Gillis, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Kevin N. Hakimi, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Rita G. Hamilton, DO: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Scott E. Klass, MD, MS, ATCR: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Chaitanya R. Konda, DO: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Sam Mayer, MD: Royalties from Demos Medical Publishing.
Ameet S. Nagpal, MD MS MEd: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Sunil Sabharwal, MD: Royalities from Demos Publishing; board member, American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.

No other planners, faculty or other individuals in control of content disclosed any relevant financial relationships.

FDA Disclosures
All faculty members for this activity have disclosed they do not intend to discuss or demonstrate any pharmaceutical or medical device for which FDA clearance has not been approved.