The is a re-released version of the 2019 SAE-P: Interventional Pain. The questions are the same but have been re-reviewed to ensure accuracy.

This self-assessment has 23 questions and requires a minimum passing score of 70% to claim CME. You will have unlimited attempts to achieve a passing score.

This learning activity meets the self-assessment criteria of the Part II: Life-long Learning and Self-Assessment component as part of the ABPM&R's Continuing Certification.

Learning Objectives
After completing this enduring material, the participant should be able to:

• Recognize appropriate clinical management strategies and apply these techniques and knowledge into their practice.
• Assess the current state of their knowledge specific to the activity topic and identify knowledge gaps in which additional study is needed.
• Develop a strategy to closing the identified knowledge gaps using resources provided as references within the activity.

• Gupta A, Huettner DP, Dukewich M. Comparative Effectiveness Review of Cooled vs Pulsed Radiofrequency Ablation for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review. Pain Physician 2017;20:155-171.
• Kaufman A, Dixon S, Iannaccone F. Review of Long-Term Pain Relief after Genicular Nerve Radiofrequency Ablation in Chronic Knee Osteoarthritis. Pain Physician. 2017;20;E437-E444A .
• Erdem Y, Sir E. The efficacy of ultrasound-guided pulsed radiofrequency of genicular nerves in the treatment of chronic knee pain due to severe degenerative disease or previousl total knee arthroplasty. Med Sci Monit, 2019; 25:1857-63.
• Kidd VD, Strum SR, Strum DS, Shah J. Genicular Nerve Radiofrequency Ablation for Painful Knee Arthritis: The Why and the How. JBJS Essent Surg Tech. 2019;9(1):e10. Published 2019 Mar 13. doi:10.2106/JBJS.ST.18.00016.
• Verrilus P, Sinclair C, Barnard A. A review of spinal cord stimulation systems for chronic pain. J Pain Res. 2016; 9:481-492. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S108884.
• Stout A, Friedly J, Standaert CJ. Systemic Absorption and Side Effects of Locally Injected Glucocorticoids. PM&R 2019 Apr; 11(4):409-419. doi: 10.1002/pmrj.12042. Epub 2019 Mar 29.
• Lai LP, Stitik TP et. al. Use of Platelet‐Rich Plasma in Intra‐Articular Knee Injections for Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review. PM&R 2015 June; 7(6):637-648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.02.003.
• Dones I, Levi V. Spinal Cord Stimulation for Neuropathic Pain: Current Trends and Future Applications. Brain Sci. 2018;8(8):138. Published 2018 Jul 24. doi:10.3390/brainsci8080138.
• Harrison C, Epton S, Bojanic S, et. al. The Efficacy and Safety of Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation as a Treatment for Neuropathic Pain: A Literature Review. Neuromodulation. 2018 Apr;21(3):225-233. doi: 10.1111/ner.12685. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
• Leggett LE, Soril LJ, Lorenzetti DL, et al. Radiofrequency ablation for chronic low back pain: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Pain Res Manag. 2014;19(5):e146–e153. doi:10.1155/2014/83436
• Deer TR, Pope JE, Hanes MC, McDowell GC. Intrathecal Therapy for Chronic Pain: A Review of Morphine and Ziconotide as Firstline Options. Pain Med. 2019 Apr 1;20(4):784-798. doi: 10.1093/pm/pny132.
• Rathmell JP, Benzon HT, Dreyfuss P, et al. Safeguards to Prevent Neurologic Complications after Epidural Steroid Injections: Consensus Opinions from a Multidisciplinary Working Group and National Organizations. Anesthesiolosy. 2015 May; 122: 974-984.
• Ellwood S, Shupper P, Kaufman A. A Retrospective Review of Spinal Radiofrequency Neurotomy Procedures in Patients with Metallic Posterior Spinal Instrumentation – Is it Safe? Pain Physician 2018 Sep; 21(5):E477-E482.

Accreditation Statement
AAPM&R is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

CME Credit Designation
AAPM&R designates this enduring material for a maximum of 8.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Faculty and their Disclosures
As a sponsor accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), AAPM&R must ensure balance, independence and scientific rigor in all of its sponsored educational activities. Anyone in a position to control the content of an activity (i.e., all participating planners and faculty) must disclose all financial relationships (of any amount) from the past 24 months, with any ineligible company to AAPM&R. The ACCME defines an “ineligible company” as any entity whose primary business is producing, marketing, selling, re-selling, or distributing healthcare products used by or on patients.  Prior to the planning and development of this activity, all relevant financial relationships were mitigated, and relevant disclosures from persons in control of content are listed below. Disclosures from the article authors can be found in the article PDFs. 

Self-Assessment Committee
Ameet Nagpal, MD, MS, MEd, Chair: Consultant for Practicing Clinician Exchange and Averitas Pharmaceuticals; Receipt of Royalties from JP Publishing. 
Marcia Bockbrader, MD, PhD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Maria Aurora Dajoyag-Mejia, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Sarah M. Eickmeyer, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Nicholas Freedman, DO : Disclosed no relevant financial relationships. 
Daniel Goodman, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Marika Greiff, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Kimberly Hartman, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships. 
Didem Inanoglu, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships. 
Prathap Jacob Joseph, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Nicole Lostritto, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Sri Ranjini Muthukrishnan, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships
Nathan Olafsen, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Ankit Patel, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Kate Temme, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Mark Tornero, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

AAPM&R Medical Education Committee
John C. Cianca, MD: Ownership or partnership with Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Consultants, LLC.
Karen P. Barr, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Rachel A. Brakke Holman, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Joseph E. Burris, MD: Serves on the Speakers Bureau for, and received clinical research grants from Allergan.
David S. Cheng, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Theresa A. Gillis, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Kevin N. Hakimi, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Matthew T. Haas, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
R.Samuel Mayer, MD: Royalties from Demos Medical Publishing.
Ameet S. Nagpal, MD MS MEd: Consultant for Practicing Clinician Exchange and Averitas Pharmaceuticals; Receipt of Royalties from JP Publishing.
Sunil Sabharwal, MD: Royalties from Demos Publishing; board member, American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Sarah M. Smith, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Stephanie Tow, MD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Kevin R. Vincent, MD, PhD: Disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

No other planners, faculty, or individuals in control of content disclosed any financial relationships. Through the planning process, all relevant financial relationships have been mitigated.